Acute seizure crisis after an unexpected sudden hypomagnesemia / Crisis convulsiva aguda después de una hipomagnesemia repentina inesperada

Hypomagnesemia, one of the most common underdiagnosed metabolic disorders in patients admitted to Postoperative Intensive Care. It is associated with presence of hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, and alkalosis. Severe magnesium deficiency can trigger life-threatening cardiac and neurological disorders however those clinical effects have not been reported immediately after surgery or magnesium infusion cessation. We present a case of women who had several switch-off episodes and generalized sudden seizures secondary to hypomagnesemia without any metabolic disturbances, even after replenishing magnesium levels. It underlines the importance, of continuous patient´s motorization who undergoes intestinal elective surgery and gene screening. Although this side effect has been reported, evidence not showed the immediacy of our case and different course than expected due to concomitant electrolytes disturbances were not found. Magnesium deficiency should be taken in patients undergoing elective bowel surgery with greater resection than 50 centimeters. This deficiency may occur as single electrolyte disturbance with sudden onset. (AU)

La hipomagnesemia es uno de los trastornos metabólicos infradiagnosticados más frecuentemente en pacientes ingresados en cuidados intensivos postoperatorios. Se asocia con la presencia de hipocalcemia, hipopotasemia y alcalosis. La deficiencia severa de magnesio puede desencadenar trastornos cardíacos y neurológicos potencialmente mortales, sin embargo, esos efectos clínicos no han sido identificados de una manera inmediata tras la cirugía o el cese de la infusión de magnesio. Presentamos el caso de una mujer que tuvo varios episodios de desconexión y crisis comiciales repentinas generalizadas secundarias a hipomagnesemia, sin alteraciones metabólicas, incluso después de reponer los niveles de magnesio. Casos como el que presentamos, destaca la importancia de la motorización continua del paciente sometido a cirugía intestinal electiva y un cribado genético. Aunque este efecto secundario ha sido reportado, la evidencia no mostró la inmediatez de nuestro caso y no se encontró un curso diferente al esperado debido a alteraciones electrolíticas concomitantes. La deficiencia de magnesio debe tomarse en serio en pacientes sometidos a cirugía intestinal electiva con resección mayor de 50 centímetros. Esta deficiencia puede ocurrir como una alteración electrolítica única con inicio repentino. (AU)

Predictive factors of six-week mortality in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2: A multicenter prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to identify the risk factors associated with mortality at six weeks, especially by analyzing the role of antivirals and munomodulators. DESIGN: Prospective descriptive multicenter cohort study. SETTING: 26 Intensive care units (ICU) from Andalusian region in Spain. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included from March 8 to May 30. INTERVENTIONS: None. VARIABLES: Variables analyzed were demographic, severity scores and clinical condition. Support therapy, drug and mortality were analyzed. An univariate followed by multivariate Cox regression with propensity score analysis was applied. RESULTS: 495 patients were enrolled, but 73 of them were excluded for incomplete data. Thus, 422 patients were included in the final analysis. Median age was 63 years and 305 (72.3%) were men. ICU mortality: 144/422 34%; 14 days mortality: 81/422 (19.2%); 28 days mortality: 121/422 (28.7%); 6-week mortality 152/422 36.5%. By multivariable Cox proportional analysis, factors independently associated with 42-day mortality were age, APACHE II score, SOFA score at ICU admission >6, Lactate dehydrogenase at ICU admission >470U/L, Use of vasopressors, extrarenal depuration, %lymphocytes 72h post-ICU admission <6.5%, and thrombocytopenia whereas the use of lopinavir/ritonavir was a protective factor. CONCLUSION: Age, APACHE II, SOFA>value of 6 points, along with vasopressor requirements or renal replacement therapy have been identified as predictor factors of mortality at six weeks. Administration of corticosteroids showed no benefits in mortality, as did treatment with tocilizumab. Lopinavir/ritonavir administration is identified as a protective factor.

Predictive factors of six-week mortality in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2: A multicenter prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to identify the risk factors associated with mortality at six weeks, especially by analyzing the role of antivirals and munomodulators. DESIGN: Prospective descriptive multicenter cohort study. SETTING: 26 Intensive care units (ICU) from Andalusian region in Spain. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included from March 8 to May 30. INTERVENTIONS: None. VARIABLES: Variables analyzed were demographic, severity scores and clinical condition. Support therapy, drug and mortality were analyzed. An univariate followed by multivariate Cox regression with propensity score analysis was applied. RESULTS: 495 patients were enrolled, but 73 of them were excluded for incomplete data. Thus, 422 patients were included in the final analysis. Median age was 63 years and 305 (72.3%) were men. ICU mortality: 144/422 34%; 14 days mortality: 81/422 (19.2%); 28 days mortality: 121/422 (28.7%); 6-week mortality 152/422 36.5%. By multivariable Cox proportional analysis, factors independently associated with 42-day mortality were age, APACHE II score, SOFA score at ICU admission >6, Lactate dehydrogenase at ICU admission >470U/L, Use of vasopressors, extrarenal depuration, %lymphocytes 72h post-ICU admission <6.5%, and thrombocytopenia whereas the use of lopinavir/ritonavir was a protective factor. CONCLUSION: Age, APACHE II, SOFA>value of 6 points, along with vasopressor requirements or renal replacement therapy have been identified as predictor factors of mortality at six weeks. Administration of corticosteroids showed no benefits in mortality, as did treatment with tocilizumab. Lopinavir/ritonavir administration is identified as a protective factor.

A novel single nucleotide polymorphism assay for the detection of N501Y SARS-CoV-2 variants.

The N501Y mutation in SARS-CoV-2 variants found in several strains from the UK, South Africa and Brazil has been linked to increased transmission. In order to discriminate N501Y variants quickly, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discrimination assay was designed and validated. It was then deployed prospectively in 757 nasopharyngeal swabs. Validation of the novel variant discrimination assay corroborated the results in all validation panel samples (n = 63) through sequencing. This novel variant discrimination assay was then deployed prospectively in 757 clinical nasopharyngeal swabs during the last week of January 2021. N501Y was found in 206 (27.4 %) of the samples: 94 (28.2 %) men and 112 (26.85 %) women (p = 0.73). The patients in whom it was identified had a mean age of 47.8 ± 25.8 (0-96) years, similar to that of patients without this variant: 51.7 ± 25.9 (0-104) years (p = 0.06). 501Y variant was confirmed in 34 samples by sequence method and 501 N wild type was confirmed in 67. This method is sensitive, specific, and simple to apply in any microbiology lab.